Travel Tanzania in December: A Journey into the Heart of East Africa

December is a magical time to visit Tanzania, a land teeming with diverse landscapes, rich cultures, and an abundance of wildlife. As the dry season gives way to the short rains, the country transforms into a vibrant, lush paradise. From the bustling streets of Dar es Salaam to the serene beaches of Zanzibar, and from the iconic Serengeti plains to the majestic peaks of Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania offers a myriad of experiences for every traveler. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the best places to visit, activities to indulge in, and tips for making the most of your Tanzanian adventure in December.

The Climate and Weather in December

December in Tanzania marks the beginning of the short rainy season, characterized by brief, refreshing showers. The temperatures are warm, generally ranging from 25°C to 30°C (77°F to 86°F) in most regions, making it an ideal time for both wildlife viewing and beach relaxation. The rain typically falls in the late afternoon or evening, leaving plenty of sunshine during the day. The landscape becomes lush and green, providing a stunning backdrop for photography and exploration.

Top Destinations and Experiences

1. Serengeti National Park: The Great Migration

The Serengeti is perhaps the most famous wildlife destination in Tanzania, renowned for its breathtaking savannas and incredible wildlife. In December, the park is a hotspot for the Great Migration, where over a million wildebeest, accompanied by hundreds of thousands of zebras and gazelles, move south towards the lush southern Serengeti plains. This period is particularly special as it marks the beginning of the calving season. The sight of newborn calves taking their first steps is a heartwarming spectacle, and the presence of predators like lions and hyenas adds a thrilling edge to the experience.

Game drives in the Serengeti are an absolute must, offering close encounters with the Big Five (lion, elephant, buffalo, leopard, and rhino) and a host of other species. For a unique perspective, consider a hot air balloon safari at dawn, where you can float above the endless plains and watch the sun rise over the horizon.

2. Ngorongoro Crater: A Natural Wonder

Adjacent to the Serengeti, the Ngorongoro Crater is another highlight of Tanzania. As the world’s largest unbroken caldera, the crater offers a microcosm of East African ecosystems, from dense forests to open grasslands. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is home to a dense concentration of wildlife, including black rhinos, lions, and elephants.

In December, the crater’s landscape is lush and green, making it a beautiful time to visit. The short rains enhance the scenery without significantly hindering wildlife viewing. The Maasai people also inhabit the area, and a visit to a traditional Maasai village can provide insights into their rich culture and way of life.

3. Zanzibar: A Tropical Paradise

After a thrilling safari adventure, Zanzibar offers the perfect retreat. This tropical island is famous for its stunning white-sand beaches, turquoise waters, and rich history. December is an excellent time to visit Zanzibar, as the weather is warm and the sea is calm, ideal for swimming, snorkeling, and diving.

Stone Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a must-visit for history and culture enthusiasts. Wander through its narrow streets, explore the bustling bazaars, and visit the historic Sultan’s Palace and the House of Wonders. For a more relaxed experience, head to the northern beaches like Nungwi and Kendwa, where you can soak up the sun and enjoy the island’s vibrant nightlife.

4. Mount Kilimanjaro: The Roof of Africa

For the adventurous traveler, climbing Mount Kilimanjaro is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. As the highest peak in Africa, Kilimanjaro stands at 5,895 meters (19,341 feet) and offers several trekking routes, each with its unique landscapes and challenges. December, falling between the two main climbing seasons, offers quieter trails and a mix of lush greenery and snow-capped peaks.

The most popular route, the Marangu Route, is known for its scenic beauty and comfortable mountain huts. The Machame Route, often called the “Whiskey Route,” is more challenging but rewards trekkers with stunning vistas and diverse ecosystems. Whichever route you choose, reaching the summit at Uhuru Peak is an achievement that provides breathtaking views and an unparalleled sense of accomplishment.

Cultural Experiences

Tanzania is not just about wildlife and landscapes; it’s also a melting pot of cultures. The country is home to over 120 ethnic groups, each with its unique traditions and languages. December is a great time to immerse yourself in the local culture, as the festive season brings a vibrant atmosphere with various celebrations and events.

1. Maasai Culture

The Maasai are perhaps the most well-known ethnic group in Tanzania, recognized for their distinctive dress and semi-nomadic lifestyle. Visiting a Maasai village provides a fascinating insight into their customs, from traditional dance and music to their pastoral way of life. You can also learn about their beadwork, which is both a craft and a form of communication.

2. Swahili Coast and Stone Town

The Swahili culture along the Tanzanian coast is a blend of African, Arab, Persian, and Indian influences, reflecting centuries of trade and cultural exchange. Stone Town, the historic heart of Zanzibar, is a living museum of Swahili culture. The town’s architecture, with its intricately carved doors and coral stone buildings, tells the story of its diverse heritage.

In December, the town comes alive with festivals and events. The Sauti za Busara music festival, usually held in early February, often sees preparations and early events during December. This festival celebrates East African music and brings together artists from across the region.

3. Hadzabe and Datoga Tribes

For a truly unique cultural experience, visit the Hadzabe and Datoga tribes near Lake Eyasi. The Hadzabe are one of the last hunter-gatherer tribes in Africa, living a lifestyle that has remained largely unchanged for thousands of years. The Datoga, on the other hand, are pastoralists known for their blacksmithing skills. Visiting these communities provides a rare glimpse into ancient traditions and a way of life closely connected to nature.

Practical Tips for Traveling in December

1. What to Pack

Packing for Tanzania in December requires a mix of lightweight clothing for the warm days and some warmer layers for the cooler evenings, especially if you’re visiting high-altitude areas like Ngorongoro or Mount Kilimanjaro. Don’t forget essentials like a good pair of walking shoes, a hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen. If you’re planning to go on safari, neutral-colored clothing is recommended to blend in with the environment.

2. Health and Safety

Tanzania is generally a safe destination, but it’s always wise to take precautions. Ensure you’re up-to-date with vaccinations, including those for yellow fever, hepatitis, and typhoid. Malaria is present in Tanzania, so consult with your healthcare provider about anti-malarial medication and take measures to prevent mosquito bites.

When it comes to water and food, stick to bottled water and eat at reputable establishments to avoid stomach issues. Additionally, it’s advisable to have comprehensive travel insurance that covers medical emergencies and activities like trekking.

3. Visas and Travel Documents

Most visitors to Tanzania require a visa, which can be obtained on arrival at the airport or through the Tanzanian embassy or consulate in your home country. Make sure your passport is valid for at least six months from your date of entry. It’s also a good idea to have a copy of your passport, visa, and other important documents in case of loss or theft.

4. Currency and Payment

The Tanzanian Shilling (TZS) is the local currency. While credit cards are accepted in major hotels and tourist establishments, it’s useful to have cash for smaller purchases and tips. ATMs are available in cities and towns, but it’s best to carry some cash when visiting remote areas. US dollars are widely accepted, especially in the tourism industry, but ensure they are in good condition and issued after 2006, as older bills may not be accepted.

5. Respect Local Customs

Tanzania is a culturally diverse and predominantly conservative country. When visiting, it’s important to respect local customs and dress modestly, especially when visiting villages, mosques, and rural areas. Tanzanians are generally warm and hospitable, so greet people with a smile and a polite “Jambo” (hello).

Conclusion

Tanzania in December is a destination that offers an unparalleled blend of adventure, culture, and natural beauty. Whether you’re exploring the wildlife-rich plains of the Serengeti, marveling at the Ngorongoro Crater, relaxing on the idyllic beaches of Zanzibar, or challenging yourself on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro, this East African gem promises experiences that will stay with you long after you’ve returned home.

As you plan your trip, remember to embrace the spirit of adventure and curiosity. Tanzania is a country of incredible diversity, and every journey here is a unique tapestry of sights, sounds, and stories. So pack your bags, ready your camera, and get set for an unforgettable Tanzanian adventure in December.